Medieval planetary diagram MS38

Location: Manuscript collection at the University library in Graz, Austria

Time: 12th century

Text: from Beda Venerabilis (De natura rerum, chapter XII)

"Inter terram celumque VII sidera pendent & certis discrepatus quae vocantur errantia....."

Below the diagram there are

Tabula astronomica; summarizes the astronomical knowledge of that time. It shows

10 concentric circles with the signs of zodiac in the outmost circle and the planetary spheres in the inner circles, including the sphere of sun and moon,
comments on the respective planet, describing characteristic features of the planet, as shown for Saturn:
"Summum Planetarum Saturni sidus est. natura. gelidum. XXX Annis Zodiacum id est signiferum peragit. Sicut & martis Stella C.L.X.X diebus lucet."
a cross of two orthogonal lines with the cardinal points at the endpoint of the lines, quartering the diagram into four parts,
a medieval world map (T and O map) in the centre with meridiens (the south) at the top of the map,
symbols for the planets, with human faces for sun and moon and rhombuses with rectangular-crossing lines for the planets,
dating the diagram due to the position of the planets, sun and moon gives the night of June 2 6to 27, 1154.

Literature:

Max E. Lippitsch and Sonja Draxler: A medieval planetary diagram in the Graz University library, Journal for the History of Astronomy 43 (2012)